Scaling

The Ghost Protocol includes scaling infrastructure for high-throughput scenarios. The standard CommitRevealVault handles moderate throughput, but applications requiring thousands of commitments per minute can use the batch and sharded systems.

Scaling approaches

Approach	Description	Use case
Batch operations	Multiple commits/reveals in a single transaction	Reduce gas costs for bulk operations
Session vaults	Temporary session-based batching	Interactive sessions with multiple operations
Sharded trees	16 parallel Merkle trees	Increase total throughput

When to use scaling

• Standard vault — fewer than 100 commits/minute. Most applications.
• Batch vault — 100–1000 commits/minute. Payment processors, batch transfers.
• Sharded trees — 1000+ commits/minute. High-frequency trading, mass onboarding.

Architecture